The Chicahuales Fair: A Celebration of Strength, History, and Faith

Every July, the municipality of Jesús María, in the state of Aguascalientes, comes alive with the vibrant energy of the Chicahuales Fair, an annual event deeply rooted in history and tradition. Derived from the Nahuatl word “chicahual,” meaning “strong and determined,” the fair is a tribute to cultural heritage, blending historical reenactments, religious devotion, and community celebration.

At the heart of the fair lies a series of reenactments of the battles between Moors and Christians, dramatizing the struggle for control over the Iberian Peninsula that began in the year 700. These performances, held near the Temple of Jesús Nazareno, depict pivotal moments from the period of the Reconquista, which began with the Christian victory at the Battle of Covadonga and culminated in the conquest of the Emirate of Granada, the last Muslim stronghold, in 1492.

The most significant day of the fair is July 25, dedicated to Santiago Apóstol (Saint James the Greater), the patron saint of Jesús María. On this day, the reenactments take center stage, accompanied by a variety of multidisciplinary events. However, the Chicahuales Fair is not merely a commemoration of battles; it is a rich tapestry of myths and rituals surrounding the figure of Saint James.

The Legend of Saint James

Saint James the Greater, one of Jesus of Nazareth’s closest disciples, plays a central role in the fair’s narrative. Known as “a valiant knight” and famously nicknamed “Matamoros” (Moor-slayer), Saint James is believed to have supernaturally aided Christians in their victories over the Moors during the Reconquista.

According to Christian tradition, after Saint James’ martyrdom, his disciples transported his remains, which were later forgotten. Centuries later, a supernatural light revealed the location of his relics. This site became known as “campus stellae” (field of stars), eventually evolving into Santiago de Compostela, one of Christianity’s most revered pilgrimage destinations.

Symbolism and Evangelization

The Spaniards wielded the figure of Saint James as a powerful symbol during their conquest of the Americas. His representation as the leader of the Christian forces instilled fear and reverence among Indigenous communities. His legendary victories, coupled with the Spaniards’ narrative of divine intervention, were used as tools for evangelization and conquest.

A Modern Celebration

Today, the Chicahuales Fair preserves this blend of history and faith. The performances near the Temple of Jesús Nazareno are a vivid reminder of the Reconquista’s historical events, while the cultural and religious activities emphasize the enduring devotion to Santiago Apóstol.

Through the Chicahuales Fair, the community of Jesús María honors its roots, celebrates its identity, and invites visitors to experience a tradition where strength and determination shine brightly, much like the field of stars that once revealed the resting place of Saint James.